Authored By

Shannon Carter, Anyue Ai, Camille Seaberry, Mark Abraham (DataHaven)

Date

July 07, 2024

Partners

Hartford Foundation for Public Giving

This project was conducted in partnership with the Hartford Foundation for Public Giving (The Foundation) with the shared goal to illuminate the current state of the LGBTQIA+ community in the Greater Hartford area. It is our hope that this information will aid organizations and funders in better directing resources to meet the needs of this community.

Authored By

Anyue Feichu Ai (DataHaven)

Date

June 06, 2024

This literature review aims to address the ongoing erasure of LGBTQ+ people in datasets by comparing public and private databases and measuring how often SOGI data are collected and which specific SOGI questions are asked. We examine whether data were collected based on the following categories: sexual orientation (lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, etc.); transgender identity; nonbinary identity; two-spirit identity; and intersex status. The goals of this document are to visualize data invisibility and assist researchers and activists in accessing datasets on LGBTQ+ populations.

[Excerpt from feature article by Rob Phelps, May 13, 2024]

All across New England, LGBTQ+ organizations do amazing, life-affirming, often lifesaving work to support our community. But who’s supporting them? For pro-LGBTQ+ programs and initiatives to survive and thrive, they need support too. 

Stepping up to offer that support are dedicated funds throughout our six New England states—some based within major philanthropic foundations, others scrappy grassroots orgs themselves, all sharing similar missions to uplift all LGBTQ+ people in our region. [....]

Link:
https://bostonspiritmagazine.com/2024/05/uplifting-community-lgbtq-dedicated-funds-across-new-england/

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

“Answer the Call to Improve Your Community”: DataHaven and Partners Urge Residents to Participate in Landmark Wellbeing Survey of Connecticut 

Thousands of randomly-selected residents from all 169 Connecticut towns will participate in the 2024 DataHaven Community Wellbeing Survey, the seventh wave of a large survey on happiness and quality of life that has been fielded since 2012

Key Facts

Demographic (Total Population)
Title Western Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Total Population 620,666 +/-0 3,611,317 +/-0
Population Ages 0-17 138,162 +/-1,723 742,877 +/-4,362
% of Total Population, Ages 0-17 22% +/-0% 21% +/-0%
Population Ages 65+ 100,665 +/-2,008 629,108 +/-4,901
% of Total Population, Ages 65+ 16% +/-0% 17% +/-0%
Population Female 315,758 +/-79 1,842,121 +/-389
% of Total Population, Female 51% +/-0% 51% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Race and Ethnicity (Total Population)
Title Western Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Latino Population 124,884 +/-0 627,408 +/-0
% of Total Population, Latino 20% +/-0% 17% +/-0%
White Non-Hispanic Population 376,161 +/-1,372 2,308,644 +/-2,840
% of Total Population, White Non-Hispanic 61% +/-0% 64% +/-0%
Black Non-Hispanic Population 59,464 +/-1,096 355,970 +/-2,699
% of Total Population, Black Non-Hispanic 10% +/-0% 10% +/-0%
Other Race Non-Hispanic Population 60,157 +/-2,013 319,295 +/-4,544
% of Total Population, Other Race Non-Hispanic 10% +/-0% 9% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Place of Birth (Total Population)
Title Western Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Foreign-born Population 143,828 +/-3,800 542,964 +/-7,449
% of Total Population, Foreign-born 23% +/-1% 15% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Households
Title Western Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Total Households 230,507 +/-1,144 1,409,807 +/-3,257
Owner-Occupied Households 152,404 +/-1,906 932,588 +/-6,341
Homeownership Rate 66% +/-1% 66% +/-0%
Cost-Burdened Households 85,503 +/-2,466 480,042 +/-5,742
% of Households, Cost-Burdened 38% +/-1% 35% +/-0%
Households with a car 217,045 +/-3,131 1,289,318 +/-7,778
% of Households, with a car 94% +/-1% 91% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Educational Attainment (Population 25 years and over)
Title Western Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Population Ages 25+ 429,296 +/-100 2,520,790 +/-424
Ages 25+ without a high school diploma 35,909 +/-1,931 220,076 +/-4,349
% of Population Ages 25+, without a high school diploma 8% +/-0% 9% +/-0%
Ages 25+ with a Bachelor's degree or more 232,830 +/-3,303 1,043,226 +/-7,904
% of Population Ages 25+, with a Bachelor's degree or more 54% +/-1% 41% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Median Income
Title Western Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Median Household Income 118,930 +/-1,895 90,213 +/-730
View Margin of Error
Poverty and Low-Income (Total Population)
Title Western Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Total Population, Poverty Status Determined 613,025 +/-6,971 3,507,563 +/-16,647
Population in Poverty 45,652 +/-3,044 355,692 +/-8,118
Poverty Rate 7% +/-0% 10% +/-0%
Population Low-Income 111,796 +/-5,404 786,615 +/-12,356
Low-Income Rate 18% +/-1% 22% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Poverty and Low-Income (Population 0 to 17 years)
Title Western Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Population Ages 0-17, Poverty Status Determined 136,518 +/-3,424 733,553 +/-8,266
Population Ages 0-17 In Poverty 12,544 +/-1,294 98,183 +/-3,343
Population Ages 0-17, Poverty Rate 9% +/-1% 13% +/-0%
Population Ages 0-17 Low-Income 31,527 +/-2,109 210,923 +/-4,939
Population Ages 0-17, Low-Income Rate 23% +/-1% 29% +/-1%
View Margin of Error
Poverty and Low-Income (Population 65 years and over)
Title Western Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Population Ages 65+, Poverty Status Determined 98,143 +/-2,401 609,617 +/-6,032
Population Ages 65+ In Poverty 6,898 +/-730 48,446 +/-1,765
Population Ages 65+ Poverty Rate 7% +/-1% 8% +/-0%
Population Ages 65+ Low-Income 17,715 +/-1,219 132,552 +/-3,098
Population Ages 65+, Low-Income Rate 18% +/-1% 22% +/-0%
View Margin of Error

(Raw DataHaven Datasets)

View more data about Western Connecticut COG

Source

Community Well-being data are from the 2021 DataHaven Community Wellbeing Survey. See definitions below for more information. All other data are from the US Census Bureau ACS 5-year estimate. The ACS surveys a sample of households on a rolling monthly basis; survey data are aggregated and averaged into 1 and 5-year period estimates. The Census Bureau considers the 5-year estimates to be the most accurate and recommends using 5-year estimates for town-level data.

Definitions

  • 'MoE' is the Margin of Error for each estimate. Due to sampling methodology, margins of error exist for all reported survey estimates. For Wellbeing data, the maximum margin of error applies when the observed percentage is 50%. The margin of error shrinks as the percentage approaches the extremes of 0% or 100%. The maximum margin of error has a 95% confidence interval. See https://ctdatahaven.org/reports/datahaven-community-wellbeing-survey for more information on the survey methodology. For all other data, margins of error represent the 90% confidence interval for estimates. With 90% confidence, each estimate falls between a lower limit (subtracting margin of error from estimate) and an upper limit (adding margin of error to estimate).
    'Hispanic Population' includes all persons who identify as of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. 'White Non-Hispanic Population' includes all persons who identify as of white or Caucasian race, and not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. 'Black Non-Hispanic Population' includes all persons who identify as of black or African American race, and not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. 'Other Race Non-Hispanic Population' includes all persons who identify as another race, and not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.
    'Foreign-born Population' includes all residents born outside of the United States to non-American parents. An immigrant is another term for a foreign-born person.
    'Total Households' is equivalent to the number of occupied housing units in a given geographic area. The Census sometimes reports households as 'occupied housing units.'
    'Owner-occupied households' includes all households that own their housing unit.
    'Homeownership Rate' is owner-occupied households divided by total households.
    'Cost-Burdened Households' includes all households in which 30% or more of household income is spent on housing costs associated with owning or renting a home.
    'Total Population, Poverty Status Determined' is the total population, excluding persons living in prisons, nursing homes, college dormitories, military barracks, foster children under 15 years, and people in non-conventional housing.
    'Population in Poverty' includes any persons whose annual household income is below the poverty threshold. The federal government determines the poverty threshold based on the size of the family and the ages of its members.
    'Poverty Rate' is the population in poverty divided by the total population whose poverty status is determined.
    'Population Low-Income' counts all whose annual household income is less than 200 percent of the poverty threshold, including the population in poverty.
    'Low-Income Rate' is the low-income population divided by the total population whose poverty status is determined.

Other Sources

Social Characteristics:
Economic Characteristics:
Housing Characteristics:
Demographic Characteristics: https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?table=DP05&g=0500000US09190&tid=ACSDP5Y2022.DP05&vintage=2022&d=ACS%205-Year%20Estimates%20Data%20Profiles

Key Facts

Demographic (Total Population)
Title Southeastern Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Total Population 280,293 +/-0 3,611,317 +/-0
Population Ages 0-17 54,146 +/-1,059 742,877 +/-4,362
% of Total Population, Ages 0-17 19% +/-0% 21% +/-0%
Population Ages 65+ 52,957 +/-1,461 629,108 +/-4,901
% of Total Population, Ages 65+ 19% +/-0% 17% +/-0%
Population Female 139,983 +/-55 1,842,121 +/-389
% of Total Population, Female 50% +/-0% 51% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Race and Ethnicity (Total Population)
Title Southeastern Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Latino Population 31,878 +/-0 627,408 +/-0
% of Total Population, Latino 11% +/-0% 17% +/-0%
White Non-Hispanic Population 209,147 +/-854 2,308,644 +/-2,840
% of Total Population, White Non-Hispanic 75% +/-0% 64% +/-0%
Black Non-Hispanic Population 14,246 +/-718 355,970 +/-2,699
% of Total Population, Black Non-Hispanic 5% +/-0% 10% +/-0%
Other Race Non-Hispanic Population 25,022 +/-1,289 319,295 +/-4,544
% of Total Population, Other Race Non-Hispanic 9% +/-0% 9% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Place of Birth (Total Population)
Title Southeastern Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Foreign-born Population 23,079 +/-1,409 542,964 +/-7,449
% of Total Population, Foreign-born 8% +/-0% 15% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Households
Title Southeastern Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Total Households 113,810 +/-765 1,409,807 +/-3,257
Owner-Occupied Households 75,262 +/-1,170 932,588 +/-6,341
Homeownership Rate 66% +/-1% 66% +/-0%
Cost-Burdened Households 35,971 +/-1,583 480,042 +/-5,742
% of Households, Cost-Burdened 32% +/-1% 35% +/-0%
Households with a car 105,528 +/-2,251 1,289,318 +/-7,778
% of Households, with a car 93% +/-2% 91% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Educational Attainment (Population 25 years and over)
Title Southeastern Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Population Ages 25+ 197,755 +/-68 2,520,790 +/-424
Ages 25+ without a high school diploma 15,048 +/-1,054 220,076 +/-4,349
% of Population Ages 25+, without a high school diploma 8% +/-0% 9% +/-0%
Ages 25+ with a Bachelor's degree or more 66,866 +/-1,914 1,043,226 +/-7,904
% of Population Ages 25+, with a Bachelor's degree or more 34% +/-1% 41% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Median Income
Title Southeastern Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Median Household Income 80,330 +/-1,765 90,213 +/-730
View Margin of Error
Poverty and Low-Income (Total Population)
Title Southeastern Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Total Population, Poverty Status Determined 267,571 +/-4,136 3,507,563 +/-16,647
Population in Poverty 26,614 +/-1,906 355,692 +/-8,118
Poverty Rate 10% +/-1% 10% +/-0%
Population Low-Income 63,895 +/-3,099 786,615 +/-12,356
Low-Income Rate 24% +/-1% 22% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Poverty and Low-Income (Population 0 to 17 years)
Title Southeastern Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Population Ages 0-17, Poverty Status Determined 53,490 +/-2,192 733,553 +/-8,266
Population Ages 0-17 In Poverty 7,200 +/-890 98,183 +/-3,343
Population Ages 0-17, Poverty Rate 13% +/-2% 13% +/-0%
Population Ages 0-17 Low-Income 16,552 +/-1,332 210,923 +/-4,939
Population Ages 0-17, Low-Income Rate 31% +/-2% 29% +/-1%
View Margin of Error
Poverty and Low-Income (Population 65 years and over)
Title Southeastern Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Population Ages 65+, Poverty Status Determined 51,122 +/-1,733 609,617 +/-6,032
Population Ages 65+ In Poverty 3,079 +/-401 48,446 +/-1,765
Population Ages 65+ Poverty Rate 6% +/-1% 8% +/-0%
Population Ages 65+ Low-Income 10,632 +/-825 132,552 +/-3,098
Population Ages 65+, Low-Income Rate 21% +/-2% 22% +/-0%
View Margin of Error

(Raw DataHaven Datasets)

View more data about Southeastern Connecticut COG

Source

Community Well-being data are from the 2021 DataHaven Community Wellbeing Survey. See definitions below for more information. All other data are from the US Census Bureau ACS 5-year estimate. The ACS surveys a sample of households on a rolling monthly basis; survey data are aggregated and averaged into 1 and 5-year period estimates. The Census Bureau considers the 5-year estimates to be the most accurate and recommends using 5-year estimates for town-level data.

Definitions

  • 'MoE' is the Margin of Error for each estimate. Due to sampling methodology, margins of error exist for all reported survey estimates. For Wellbeing data, the maximum margin of error applies when the observed percentage is 50%. The margin of error shrinks as the percentage approaches the extremes of 0% or 100%. The maximum margin of error has a 95% confidence interval. See https://ctdatahaven.org/reports/datahaven-community-wellbeing-survey for more information on the survey methodology. For all other data, margins of error represent the 90% confidence interval for estimates. With 90% confidence, each estimate falls between a lower limit (subtracting margin of error from estimate) and an upper limit (adding margin of error to estimate).
    'Hispanic Population' includes all persons who identify as of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. 'White Non-Hispanic Population' includes all persons who identify as of white or Caucasian race, and not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. 'Black Non-Hispanic Population' includes all persons who identify as of black or African American race, and not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. 'Other Race Non-Hispanic Population' includes all persons who identify as another race, and not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.
    'Foreign-born Population' includes all residents born outside of the United States to non-American parents. An immigrant is another term for a foreign-born person.
    'Total Households' is equivalent to the number of occupied housing units in a given geographic area. The Census sometimes reports households as 'occupied housing units.'
    'Owner-occupied households' includes all households that own their housing unit.
    'Homeownership Rate' is owner-occupied households divided by total households.
    'Cost-Burdened Households' includes all households in which 30% or more of household income is spent on housing costs associated with owning or renting a home.
    'Total Population, Poverty Status Determined' is the total population, excluding persons living in prisons, nursing homes, college dormitories, military barracks, foster children under 15 years, and people in non-conventional housing.
    'Population in Poverty' includes any persons whose annual household income is below the poverty threshold. The federal government determines the poverty threshold based on the size of the family and the ages of its members.
    'Poverty Rate' is the population in poverty divided by the total population whose poverty status is determined.
    'Population Low-Income' counts all whose annual household income is less than 200 percent of the poverty threshold, including the population in poverty.
    'Low-Income Rate' is the low-income population divided by the total population whose poverty status is determined.

Other Sources

Social Characteristics:
Economic Characteristics:
Housing Characteristics:
Demographic Characteristics: https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?table=DP05&g=0500000US09180&tid=ACSDP5Y2022.DP05&vintage=2022&d=ACS%205-Year%20Estimates%20Data%20Profiles

Key Facts

Demographic (Total Population)
Title South Central Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Total Population 571,298 +/-0 3,611,317 +/-0
Population Ages 0-17 113,362 +/-1,559 742,877 +/-4,362
% of Total Population, Ages 0-17 20% +/-0% 21% +/-0%
Population Ages 65+ 99,975 +/-1,909 629,108 +/-4,901
% of Total Population, Ages 65+ 17% +/-0% 17% +/-0%
Population Female 295,203 +/-110 1,842,121 +/-389
% of Total Population, Female 52% +/-0% 51% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Race and Ethnicity (Total Population)
Title South Central Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Latino Population 107,644 +/-0 627,408 +/-0
% of Total Population, Latino 19% +/-0% 17% +/-0%
White Non-Hispanic Population 350,326 +/-957 2,308,644 +/-2,840
% of Total Population, White Non-Hispanic 61% +/-0% 64% +/-0%
Black Non-Hispanic Population 70,625 +/-933 355,970 +/-2,699
% of Total Population, Black Non-Hispanic 12% +/-0% 10% +/-0%
Other Race Non-Hispanic Population 42,703 +/-1,617 319,295 +/-4,544
% of Total Population, Other Race Non-Hispanic 7% +/-0% 9% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Place of Birth (Total Population)
Title South Central Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Foreign-born Population 74,199 +/-2,815 542,964 +/-7,449
% of Total Population, Foreign-born 13% +/-0% 15% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Households
Title South Central Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Total Households 226,154 +/-1,210 1,409,807 +/-3,257
Owner-Occupied Households 137,967 +/-2,046 932,588 +/-6,341
Homeownership Rate 61% +/-1% 66% +/-0%
Cost-Burdened Households 81,322 +/-2,461 480,042 +/-5,742
% of Households, Cost-Burdened 37% +/-1% 35% +/-0%
Households with a car 200,970 +/-3,065 1,289,318 +/-7,778
% of Households, with a car 89% +/-1% 91% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Educational Attainment (Population 25 years and over)
Title South Central Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Population Ages 25+ 395,812 +/-158 2,520,790 +/-424
Ages 25+ without a high school diploma 33,937 +/-1,747 220,076 +/-4,349
% of Population Ages 25+, without a high school diploma 9% +/-0% 9% +/-0%
Ages 25+ with a Bachelor's degree or more 159,900 +/-3,057 1,043,226 +/-7,904
% of Population Ages 25+, with a Bachelor's degree or more 40% +/-1% 41% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Median Income
Title South Central Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Median Household Income 83,617 +/-1,663 90,213 +/-730
View Margin of Error
Poverty and Low-Income (Total Population)
Title South Central Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Total Population, Poverty Status Determined 548,511 +/-7,219 3,507,563 +/-16,647
Population in Poverty 64,563 +/-3,152 355,692 +/-8,118
Poverty Rate 12% +/-1% 10% +/-0%
Population Low-Income 136,599 +/-5,167 786,615 +/-12,356
Low-Income Rate 25% +/-1% 22% +/-0%
View Margin of Error
Poverty and Low-Income (Population 0 to 17 years)
Title South Central Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Population Ages 0-17, Poverty Status Determined 112,180 +/-3,463 733,553 +/-8,266
Population Ages 0-17 In Poverty 18,619 +/-1,541 98,183 +/-3,343
Population Ages 0-17, Poverty Rate 17% +/-1% 13% +/-0%
Population Ages 0-17 Low-Income 37,769 +/-2,207 210,923 +/-4,939
Population Ages 0-17, Low-Income Rate 34% +/-2% 29% +/-1%
View Margin of Error
Poverty and Low-Income (Population 65 years and over)
Title South Central Connecticut COG
2022 5-year
Error Connecticut
2022 5-year
Error
Population Ages 65+, Poverty Status Determined 96,682 +/-2,424 609,617 +/-6,032
Population Ages 65+ In Poverty 8,092 +/-675 48,446 +/-1,765
Population Ages 65+ Poverty Rate 8% +/-1% 8% +/-0%
Population Ages 65+ Low-Income 22,330 +/-1,347 132,552 +/-3,098
Population Ages 65+, Low-Income Rate 23% +/-1% 22% +/-0%
View Margin of Error

(Raw DataHaven Datasets)

View more data about South Central Connecticut COG

Source

Community Well-being data are from the 2021 DataHaven Community Wellbeing Survey. See definitions below for more information. All other data are from the US Census Bureau ACS 5-year estimate. The ACS surveys a sample of households on a rolling monthly basis; survey data are aggregated and averaged into 1 and 5-year period estimates. The Census Bureau considers the 5-year estimates to be the most accurate and recommends using 5-year estimates for town-level data.

Definitions

  • 'MoE' is the Margin of Error for each estimate. Due to sampling methodology, margins of error exist for all reported survey estimates. For Wellbeing data, the maximum margin of error applies when the observed percentage is 50%. The margin of error shrinks as the percentage approaches the extremes of 0% or 100%. The maximum margin of error has a 95% confidence interval. See https://ctdatahaven.org/reports/datahaven-community-wellbeing-survey for more information on the survey methodology. For all other data, margins of error represent the 90% confidence interval for estimates. With 90% confidence, each estimate falls between a lower limit (subtracting margin of error from estimate) and an upper limit (adding margin of error to estimate).
    'Hispanic Population' includes all persons who identify as of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. 'White Non-Hispanic Population' includes all persons who identify as of white or Caucasian race, and not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. 'Black Non-Hispanic Population' includes all persons who identify as of black or African American race, and not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. 'Other Race Non-Hispanic Population' includes all persons who identify as another race, and not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.
    'Foreign-born Population' includes all residents born outside of the United States to non-American parents. An immigrant is another term for a foreign-born person.
    'Total Households' is equivalent to the number of occupied housing units in a given geographic area. The Census sometimes reports households as 'occupied housing units.'
    'Owner-occupied households' includes all households that own their housing unit.
    'Homeownership Rate' is owner-occupied households divided by total households.
    'Cost-Burdened Households' includes all households in which 30% or more of household income is spent on housing costs associated with owning or renting a home.
    'Total Population, Poverty Status Determined' is the total population, excluding persons living in prisons, nursing homes, college dormitories, military barracks, foster children under 15 years, and people in non-conventional housing.
    'Population in Poverty' includes any persons whose annual household income is below the poverty threshold. The federal government determines the poverty threshold based on the size of the family and the ages of its members.
    'Poverty Rate' is the population in poverty divided by the total population whose poverty status is determined.
    'Population Low-Income' counts all whose annual household income is less than 200 percent of the poverty threshold, including the population in poverty.
    'Low-Income Rate' is the low-income population divided by the total population whose poverty status is determined.

Other Sources

Social Characteristics:
Economic Characteristics:
Housing Characteristics:
Demographic Characteristics: https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?table=DP05&g=0500000US09170&tid=ACSDP5Y2022.DP05&vintage=2022&d=ACS%205-Year%20Estimates%20Data%20Profiles

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